|Chidimbu|

Kushandisa ryegrass senzira yekuedza, nzira yekurima matrix yematray plug tray ine matrix 32 yakashandiswa kudzidza mhedzisiro yehuwandu hwekudyara (7, 14 tsanga/tireyi) pakukohwa katatu kweryegrass kwakadyarwa nechiedza che LED chena (mazuva 17, 34, 51) pakukohwa. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti ryegrass inogona kukura zvakanaka pasi pechiedza che LED chena, uye kukurumidza kugadzurwa kunokurumidza mushure mekucheka, uye inogona kugadzirwa zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekukohwa. Kukura kwembeu kwakakanganisa zvikuru goho. Munguva yekucheka katatu, goho re14 tsanga/tireyi raive rakakwirira kupfuura re7 tsanga/tireyi. Goho rehuwandu hwekudyara kwembeu mbiri rakaratidza kutanga kudzikira uye kuwedzera. Goho rese re7 tsanga/tireyi ne14 tsanga/tireyi raive 11.11 ne15.51 kg/㎡, zvichiteerana, uye rine mukana wekushandiswa mukutengesa.

Zvishandiso uye Maitiro

Zvishandiso zveKuedza uye Maitiro

Tembiricha mufekitori yefekitori yaive 24±2 °C, hunyoro hwaienderana hwaive 35%–50%, uye huwandu hweCO2 hwaive 500±50 μmol/mol. Mwenje wepaneru chena we LED une saizi ye 49 cm×49 cm wakashandiswa pakuvhenekesa, uye mwenje wepaneru wakaiswa 40 cm pamusoro petireyi yeplug. Chiyero che matrix ipeat: perlite: vermiculite = 3:1:1, wedzera mvura yakasanganiswa kuti usanganise zvakaenzana, gadzirisa huwandu hwemvura kusvika 55%~60%, woichengeta kwemaawa 2~3 mushure mekunge matrix yanyatso tora mvura wozoiisa zvakaenzana mu54 cm × 28 cm muplug ine maburi 32. Sarudza mbeu dzakakora uye dzakafanana pakukura kwekudyara.

Dhizaini Yekuyedza

Kupenya kwechiedza che LED chena kwakaiswa pa 350 μmol/(㎡/s), kugoverwa kwe spectral kwakaratidzwa mumufananidzo, nguva yerima-chiedza i 16 h/8 h, uye nguva yechiedza i 5:00 ~ 21:00. Kuwanda kwembeu mbiri dze 7 ne 14 tsanga/gomba kwakagadzirirwa kudyara. Mukuyedza uku, mbeu dzakadyarwa musi wa 2 Mbudzi, 2021. Mushure mekudyara, dzakarimwa murima. Mwenje wakatanga kuvhenekerwa musi wa 5 Mbudzi. Munguva yekurima chiedza, mushonga wekudyara weHoagland wakawedzerwa mutireyi yembeu.

Spectrum yemwenje chena ye LED

Zviratidzo zveKukohwa uye Nzira Dzekushandisa

Uchicherechedza kuti kana avhareji yehurefu hwemiti yasvika pahurefu hwemwenje wepaneru, itore. Yakachekwa musi wa22 Mbudzi, 9 Zvita na26 Zvita, zvichiteerana, nemazuva gumi nemanomwe. Kureba kwehuswa kwaive 2.5±0.5 cm, uye zvirimwa zvakasarudzwa zvisina kurongeka mumakomba matatu panguva yekukohwa, uye ryegrass yakakohwewa yakayerwa uye yakanyorwa, uye goho pa square meter rakaverengerwa mufomula (1). Goho, W ihuremu hutsva hwehuswa hwega hwega hwakachekwa.

Goho = (W×32)/0.1512/1000 (kg/㎡)

(Nzvimbo yeplate=0.54×0.28=0.1512 ㎡) (1)

Mhedzisiro uye Ongororo

Panyaya yeavhareji yegoho, maitiro egoho rekudyara kwembeu mbiri idzi aive embeu yekutanga > yechitatu > yechipiri, 24.7 g > 15.41 g > 12.35 g (7 tsanga/gomba), 36.6 g > 19.72 g, zvichiteerana. ＞16.98 g (14 makapisi/gomba). Paive nemusiyano wakakura pakati pembeu mbiri idzi mugoho rembeu yekutanga, asi hapana mutsauko wakakura pakati pembeu yechipiri, yechitatu negoho rese.

Mhedzisiro yekuwanda kwekudyara uye nguva yekucheka mashanga pakukohwa kweuswa hwe rye

Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwakasiyana hwekucheka, nguva yekugadzira inoverengwa. Nguva imwe chete yekucheka ine mazuva makumi maviri; kucheka kaviri kune mazuva makumi matatu nemanomwe; uye kucheka katatu kune mazuva makumi mashanu nemana. Kukura kwembeu dzezviyo zvinomwe pagomba kwaive negoho rakaderera, 5.23 kg/㎡ chete. Pakadyarwa mbeu dzezviyo gumi nemana pagomba, goho rezvikamu zvitatu raive 15.51 kg/㎡, iro raive kanenge katatu goho rezviyo zvinomwe pagomba panguva imwe chete, uye raive rakakwirira zvakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe nguva dzekucheka. Kureba kwekukura kwekucheka katatu kwaive ka2.7 kanopfuura kekucheka kamwe chete, asi goho raive ka2 kakapetwa kekucheka kamwe chete. Pakanga pasina musiyano wakakosha mugoho apo chiyero chekudyara chaive zviyo zvinomwe pagomba katatu uye zviyo gumi nemana pagomba kaviri, asi musiyano wekugadzirwa pakati penzira mbiri idzi waive mazuva gumi nemanomwe. Kana mwero wekubereka waive tsanga gumi neina pakucheka maburi kamwe chete, goho raive risina kusiyana zvakanyanya neretsanga nomwe pakucheka maburi kamwe chete kana kaviri.

Goho reuswa hwe ryegrass rakachekwa ka1-3 pasi pehuwandu hwembeu mbiri

Mukugadzira, huwandu hwakaringana hwemasherufu, kureba kwemasherufu, uye mwero wekumera mbeu zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti zviwedzere goho pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, uye kucheka matanda panguva kunofanirwa kubatanidzwa nekuongorora kwehunhu hwekudya kuti zvivandudze hunhu hwechigadzirwa. Mari dzehupfumi dzakadai sembeu, vashandi, uye kuchengetwa kwehuswa hutsva dzinofanirawo kufungwa. Parizvino, indasitiri yemafuro inotarisanawo nematambudziko ekusafamba zvakanaka kwezvigadzirwa uye nhanho yakaderera yekutengeserana. Inogona kungotenderedzwa munzvimbo dzemunharaunda, izvo zvisingabatsire kusangana kwehuswa nezvipfuwo munyika yese. Kugadzirwa kwemafekitori ezvirimwa hakungogone kupfupisa kutenderera kwekukohwa kwehuswa hwe rye, kuvandudza mwero wekubuda kwenzvimbo imwe neimwe, uye kuwana huwandu hwehuswa hutsva pagore, asiwo kunogona kuvaka mafekitori zvichienderana nekugoverwa kwenzvimbo nenzvimbo uye huwandu hweindasitiri hwekurimwa kwemhuka, zvichideredza mari yekufambisa.

Pfupiso

Muchidimbu, zvinokwanisika kugadzira uswa hwe rye pasi pe LED lighting fixture. Goho re 7 tsanga paburi ne 14 tsanga paburi raive rakakwirira kupfuura rechirimwa chekutanga, zvichiratidza kuti goho rekutanga raive rakaderera uye richizowedzera. Goho rembeu mbiri rakasvika 11.11 kg/㎡ uye 15.51 kg/㎡ pamazuva makumi mashanu nemana. Nokudaro, kugadzirwa kwe ryegrass mumafekitori emiti kunogona kushandiswa mukutengeserana.

Munyori: Yanqi Chen, Wenke Liu.

Ruzivo rwekutsanangura:

Yanqi Chen, Wenke Liu. Mhedzisiro yekukura kwembeu pakukohwa kweuswa hwe rye pasi pechiedza chena che LED [J]. Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2022, 42(4): 26-28.